Ray tracing is a computational method used to model and predict the behavior of wireless signals in various environments. NYURay is a 3D ray tracer specifically tailored for mmWave and sub-THz frequencies. To reliably generate site-specific wireless channel parameters, NYURay is calibrated using radio propagation measurements conducted at 28, 73, and 142 GHz in diverse scenarios such as outdoor areas, indoor offices, and factories. Through a systematic calibration process, NYURay accurately predicts directional wireless signal strengths. Essentially, it provides a reliable framework for understanding wireless signal propagation without extensive real-world measurements.

Ray tracing computations are primarily conducted via two methods – image-based ray tracing (ray tracing by the method of images) and the shooting-bouncing rays (SBR) technique. The computational complexity of SBR ray tracing is lower than that of image-based ray tracing. To reduce computational overhead, NYURay uses a hybrid ray tracing algorithm, which combines the shooting bouncing rays (SBR) ray tracing technique with image-based ray tracing. The approximate trajectories of rays that reach the RX are first determined via SBR ray tracing. Once all the reflecting surfaces in the path of a ray are determined, image-based ray tracing is used to calculate the recursive reflections of the RX. The ray trajectory is accurately calculated by connecting all the RX images.

Key Features:

• Calibrated using 1 TB of data from indoor, outdoor, and factory measurements conducted from 2012-2022.
• User-specified parameters:RF frequency, bandwidth, max reflections and penetrations, antenna pattern, and building floorplan.
• Built-in database of electrical propertiesof building materials for 28-140 GHz.